GRADE 7         SOCIAL STUDIES

Section 3 

The PowerPoint on Google Classroom notes taken in class, and discussions are also a part of your notes.

The Age of Jackson

Election of 1824 - Jackson ran against John Quincy Adams. Jackson received more popular votes, not the majority of the electoral vote so the House of Representatives voted.  Henry Clay used his influence to get people to vote for Adams - Adams won, served only 1 term- didn’t have the trust of the people.   

Jackson served as President from 1829-1837

Jackson’s nickname - Old Hickory.

Was called the President of the People.

Democratic spirit grew/more Americans played a role in government.

People loved him for his humble beginning to his firm leadership.

Gave government jobs to loyal supporters.(Spoils System)

 20 year period after Jackson became president - known as the “Age of Jackson.

  New Era in Politics:

Suffrage expanded - Men could vote - land-owning requirement was dropped.  Women and African Americans still could not vote.

Change in political parties:

During the election of 1824- Republican Party split.

Supporters of Adams called themselves the National Republicans.

Jackson’s supporters called themselves - Democrats.

In 1836 - New Political Party  - Whig Party replaced Republicans. 

From 1836-1852 - Two major Political Parties - Democrats and the Whigs

 

Chapter 10  Section 4

The Native Americans in the Southeast stood in the way of westward expansion of the United States.

They were NOT willing to give up any of their lands and refused any offers made by the government.

The State of Georgia passed a law stating that the Creeks had to give up most of their land(1825 and 1827)

In 1828- Georgia wanted the Cherokees to do the same. 
The Cherokees refused!

They challenged Georgia in court.

1831- Cherokee Nation v. Georgia- The Decision went against the Cherokees.

1832- Worcester v. Georgia- Court ruled that under the Constitution, Georgia’s Laws COULD NOT BE ENFORCED WITHIN CHEROKEE LAND< AND THEIR LAND COULD NOT BE TAKEN AWAY!

**** President Jackson ignored the decision and created the INDIAN REMOVAL ACT OF 1830****

Indian Removal Act of 1830

A Law passed by Jackson offering   Native Americans Nations land West of the Mississippi, in exchange for their land in the East.

The Native Americans signed new treaties giving up their lands because they felt that they had no choice.  They moved to Indian territory in what is today most of the area of the state of OKLAHOMA.

Choctaws:

1.  First to move.
2. Signed a treaty: The Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek.
3. Conditions were horrible as they moved West under the watchful eye of American soldiers.

Cherokees

1. Held out longer than the Choctaws. (until 1838)
2. Jackson had left office: President  Martin Van Buren forced the Cherokees to move.
3. Went to Indian territory through the winter of 1838-1839.
4. The route was called, The Trail of Tears
5. They were forced to march hundreds of miles westward without a lot of food, proper clothing, or shelter.
6. The weather was frigid cold and they suffered through countless snowstorms.
7. 4,000 out of the original 15,000 died along the route.

Seminoles

1. Last holdouts
2. Fought three wars against removal.
3. 1840s-most Seminoles were forced to leave.