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Chapter 19 Section 3
The National Women's Suffrage Association: Formed by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony- pushed for an amendment to give women the right to vote.
Late 1800's- 4 western states gave women the right to vote.
***Carrie Chapman Catt developed a plan to win suffrage state by state.***
19th Amendment
passed in 1919- granted all women the right to vote in every state of the United States(Federal elections included)
Alice Paul used very forceful methods to speak out for suffrage!
*** met with President Wilson and finally, the amendment was passed***
Opportunities for women:
Higher education
Social workers
lawyers
doctors
Woman reformers like Florence Kelly- Fought for child labor.
Prohibition Era
Women's Christian Temperance Union(WCT
** Francis Willard- President of this organization**
Women reformers believed that alcohol was responsible for:
increased crime
family break-up
poor job attendance
loss of jobs
Carrie Nation- Radical women crusader who violently smashed liquor bottles and beer kegs in saloons, in an effort to ban alcohol.
18th Amendment banned the manufacture, sale, or use of alcoholic beverages in the United States. The only amendment to be repealed. ( 21 st Amendment)
Section 4
Progressive leaders did little to help African Americans
Booker T. Washington-founder of the Tuskegee Institute( A school that trained African Americans on agricultural and industrial skills)
Advised African Americans to learn a skill or trade to move up in society.
W.E.B. DuBois- first African American to earn a Ph.D. from Harvard. His advice to African Americans
to fight for equality and never submit to discrimination.. He helped form the NAACP(National Association for the Advancement of Colored People)
Ida B. Wells- African American woman who tried to stop lynchings. Advised other African Americans to boycott white-owned stores.
Mexican Americans
-Faced legal segregation
-Confined to unskilled jobs and were paid less money.
-Started their own mutual aid societies called Mutualistas.
Asian Americans-
Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 stopped Chinese immigration.
Japanese immigrants became successful farmers on the West Coast.
Schools on the west coast segregated its schools: THIS ANGERED THE JAPANESE!
This led to THE GENTLEMAN"S AGREEMENT- A peaceful agreement worked out by Theodore Roosevelt and Japanese leaders. Japan promised NOT to send any more workers to the United States and in return, Japanese wives could join their husbands already living here.
Religious minorities
Catholics and Jewish people were in the minority.
Catholics formed their own parochial schools in order to prevent their children from hearing negative things about their faith in school.
Jews fought anti-semitism by forming the Anti-Defamation League to promote understanding and fight discrimination against Jews.