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Notes for Chapter 16 Sections 1-3
Section 1
Know All Vocabulary Terms and People from Sections 1, 2, 3
RECONSTRUCTION: The process of bringing the North and South back together again.
You have in your notes the different plans for Reconstruction:
Lincoln's 10 percent plan
Wade Davis Bill
Radical Republicans:Two goals of the Radical Republicans:
1. Keep Southern whites from regaining power in the South.
2. Make sure African Americans had the right to vote and were given their civil rights.
Johnson's Plan
Reconstruction Act
Section 2
Andrew Johnson- President after Lincoln's assassination.
His plan for Reconstruction was similar to Lincoln's(Also lenient)
Johnson's Plan for Reconstruction:Congress rejected this plan due to BLACK CODES which restricted the rights of freedom.
STRUGGLE BETWEEN THE PRESIDENT AND CONGRESS: WHO WOULD DECIDE RECONSTRUCTION PLAN????????
13th Amendment- ABOLISHED slavery
14th Amendment- Rededifines citizenship to all people born in the United States.
15th Amendment- African Americans could not be denied the right to vote due to race, color, or previous condition of servitude
Radical Reconstruction Period-(1867)
RECONSTRUCTION ACT OF 1867-
Hard plan for Reconstruction demanded by some Congress members.
Demanded that Southern States had to give African American men the right to vote(they had to ratify the 14th Amendemnt)
Republican party grew srronger in the South with help from: scalawags, carpetbaggers, and freedmen voters.
Radicals in Congress voted to impeach President Johnson- He was not removed from office because the vote fell short by one vote.
President Grant (Republican)elected (1868)after Johnson( 18th President)
The 15th Amendment did not prevent Southern states from requiring voters to own property or pay a poll tax.
Ku Klux Klan- angry group that used violence to keep African Americans out of political office.
*** While Radicals were in charge****
African Americans in the South had an acrive role in politics,
Hiram revels-became the nation's first African American Senator.
Section 3
Reconstruction ended with the election of RUTHERFORD B. HAYES
Support for Radical Republicans declined.
Northerners and Southerners believed it was time to let the South run their own governments.
Once troops were removed from the South- rights of African Americans were put on hold and sometimes suspended completely.
1877 Control of the South back in Democratic hands.
END of Reconstruction
African Americans lose political power and civil rights.Laws passed to keep African Americans from voting; Poll taxes, literacy tests, grandfather clauses.
Jim Crow laws allowed segregation in the South: separate facilities for blacks and whites.
Plessy v Fergusson
Homer Plessy was arrested because he sat in a white section of a railroad car. He sued and the court ruled against him on the basis of SEPARATE BUT EQUAL. Separate facilities were considered legal if equal. This ruling remained until the 1950's.
This case played a major rule in NOT giving African American their full civil rights.
Poverty forced many African Americans to become sharecroppers.
Low crop prices and bad harvests kept African Americans in a cycle of debt to landlords without a profit!
After Reconstruction ended, skilled jobs now closed to freedmen. African Americans living in urban areas took menial labor jobs.
Industrial Growth
The new South began with new industries springing up!
The South became independent and began to developing their own resources.
The South NO longer dependent upon King Cotton production alone!!!
Outline chapter 16 Sections 1-3
13th, 14th, 15th Amendments
Amnesty
sharecroppers
Jim Crow Laws
poll tax
carpetbaggers
Freedmen's Bureau
literacy test
Hiram Revels
Grandfather clauses
Ku Klux Klan
The case of Plessy v. Ferguson
President Johnson(impeachment)
Rutherford B. Hayes and his role in Reconstruction.
What was the process of bringing the North and South back together again known as? (The process of rebuilding the nation)
How were the CIVIL rights of African Americans lost at the end of the Civil War?
Know each plan
Lincoln's Plan
Johnson's Plan
Reconstruction Act
Wade Davis Bill
Goals of the Radical Republicans